Page 49 - Grasp English A2 (Grammar Book)
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Buying And Selling 8
Gerunds & infinitives
A. verb patterns: gerunds B. verb patterns: infinitives
A gerund is a verb form that functions as a Infinitives are the dictionary forms of the verbs
noun. Gerund verbs end in –ing. They are used (to V1). When a bare verb is used with the particle
as a subject or an object in the sentence. to, it is called full infinitive. When we don’t use to,
e.g. then we call it a bare infinitive.
Eating junk food is harmful. (subject) a. full infinitives
I like walking. (object)
They can be used after certain verbs.
They are used after certain verbs. e.g.
e.g. I need to see her.
We enjoy dancing. Greg has decided to leave school.
I love sleeping on rainy days.
They are used after certain adjectives.
go + gerund expressions are commonly e.g.
used for some outdoor sports and personal It is hard to work at night.
recreational activities. It is nice to see you here.
e.g.
Shall we go fishing this weekend? We use them to express purpose.
I go jogging early in the morning. e.g.
We are travelling to Norway to live better.
Gerunds can be used after prepositions that Someone has sent you a card to invite you to a
follow the main verb in a sentence. conference.
e.g.
He was blamed for robbing the bank. (passive b. bare infinitives
verb + gerund) We use a bare infinitive after modal verbs.
Have you talked about changing your room? e.g.
(verb + gerund) You should see a consultant.
Gerunds can be also used after prepositions I can fix your computer.
that follow an adjective in a sentence. After certain verbs, we also use bare infinitives
e.g. (let, make, - sometimes help)
I am tired of doing the same things every day. e.g.
(adj + gerund) Will your parents let you go out with your friends?
Are you really good at drawing pictures? I help my little brother (to) do his homework.
(adj + gerund)
Note 1: After some verbs, we can use both
gerunds and full infinitives.
e.g.
I like getting up early = I like to get up early.
Note 2: Some verbs (suggest, ask, offer, help, etc.)
can be followed by object pronouns/objects
before the gerund or infinitive formed verbs.
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